Bài viết này Ngoại ngữ Phương Lan sẽ giới thiệu tới các em đầy đủ lí thuyết câu điều kiện loại 1 và 50 bài tập Câu điều kiện nâng cao cực hay giúp bạn nắm vững cách sử dụng của Câu điều kiện nâng cao.
PHẦN I. LÝ THUYẾT
- Câu điều kiện loại 0
*Cấu trúc: If + S + Simple present, S + Simple present
Lưu ý: Trong câu điều kiện loại 0 có thể thay thế If = When/ Whenever.
*Cách dùng:
– Diễn tả một chân lí, sự thật
– Diễn tả một thói quen
– Diễn tả mệnh lệnh
Ex: When they are short of money, they don’t eat out.
- Câu điều kiện loại hỗn hợp
Dạng 1: Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp loại 3-2
– Cách dùng: Câu điều kiện “3 – 2” Diễn tả một giả thiết trái với quá khứ nhưng kết quả trái với hiện tại
– Cấu trúc: If + S + past perfect, S + would/ could/ might… + V_inf
– Ex: If I had known you were in hospital, I would go to see you.
Dạng 2. Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp loại 2-3
– Cách dùng: Câu điều kiện “2 – 3” Diễn tả một giải thiết trái với hiện tại nhưng kết quả thì trái với quá khứ
– Cấu trúc: If + S + simple past, S + would/ could + have + V3/ed
– Ex: If I were good at cooking, I’d have cooked by myself for dinner last night.
- Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện
– Định nghĩa:
Câu điều kiện đảo ngữ là câu điều kiện không thật ở hiện tại hay không thật ở quá khứ.
– Cấu trúc:
* Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 1: Should + S + (not) + V_inf
VD: If that should happen, I’d be ready for it.
→ Should that happen, I’d be ready for it.
* Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 2: Were + S +(not) + to_inf
VD: If I offered you a job, I would need a strong recommendation from your former boss.
→ Were I to offer you a job, I would need a strong recommendation from your former boss.
* Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 3: Had +S + (not) + PP
VD: If I had known that would happen, I would have given him the money.
→ Had I Known that would happen, I would have given him the money
- Câu điều kiện với “Unless”
“Unless” có nghĩa là “trừ khi” và có thể dùng “unless” để thay thế cho “if… not…” (nếu… không…).
VD:
– Unless it rains, we will go camping tomorrow.
= If it does not rain, we will go camping tomorrow.
(Nếu trời không mưa/Trừ phi trời mưa, ngày mai chúng ta sẽ đi cắm trại.)
– Mary will not go out, unless you call her.
= Mary will not go out, if you don’t call her.
(Mary sẽ không ra ngoài trừ phi bạn gọi cô ấy.)
- Câu điều kiện nâng cao không dùng “if”
Một số từ có thể thay thế cho “if”: even if, only if, what if, as long as, so long as, provided that, providing, suppose, supposing, …
* Câu điều kiện nâng cao loại 2: If it weren’t for + danh từ
VD: If it weren’t for the fact that he’s my father, I’d accuse him in public.
* Câu điều kiện nâng cao loại 3: If it hadn’t been for + danh từ
VD: If it hadn’t been for the two men who rescued me, I’d probably have drowned.
* But for + danh từ dùng cho câu điều kiện loại 2 và câu điều kiện loại 3.
VD: But for your help, I would not have got success.
PHẦN II. BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG
Task 1. Put the verbs in the brackets in the correct tense
- If you __________ (expose) phosphorus to air, It __________ (burn)
- If you __________ (heat) ice, it __________ (turn) to water.
- If metal __________ (get) hot, it __________ (expand)
- If you __________ (stand) in the rain, You __________ (get) wet
- If anyone __________ (ring) the bell, don’t __________ (open) the door.
- If my father __________ (not, sleep) well, he __________ (drink) coffee before going to bed
- If you__________ (press) this button, the machine __________ (stop)
- If you__________ (multiply) 6 to 8, you__________ (get)
- If anyone __________ (call), say that I__________ (be, not) at home.
- If you__________ (go) to the Post Office, you__________ (mail) this letter for me.
Task 2. Using the given information, make conditional sentences with IF
- She is living in China because she got married to a Chinese.
………………………………………………………………
- I am tired now because I went home late yesterday.
………………………………………………………………
- She did the homework last night so she gets a high score today.
………………………………………………………………
- It rained yesterday so I don’t go to school today.
………………………………………………………………
- I missed the end of the film so I don’t know who the murderer was.
………………………………………………………………
Task 3. Choose the best answer
- If she …………………….. the lottery last year, She……………………..rich now.
- Have won/would be B. had won/would be
- won/would be D. wins/will be
- If I ……………..the homework last night, I……………..bonus today.
- Had done/would get B. had done/would have got
- done/would get D. does/will get
- If we had played this game yesterday, we……………….a lot of money now.
- Will have B. may have
- would have had D. would have
- If it ……………………………last night, it would be cold today.
- Had rained B. rained
- have rained D. was raining
- If she……………….to me, she……………………..in trouble right now.
- Had listened/would be B. had listened/would have be
- had listened/would not be D. A and B
Task 4. Using the given information, make conditional sentences with IF
- We reach Sally’s house now because we didn’t ask for direction earlier
………………………………………………………………
- Since he is an only child, his parents have spoiled him
………………………………………………………………
- Bob didn’t learn Chinese in high school, so he doesn’t have many job opportunities.
………………………………………………………………
- I am not rich. I didn’t buy that house last month.
………………………………………………………………
Task 5. Choose the best answer
- If it had rained one hour ago, the streets………… wet now.
- Would have be B. will be
- be D. would be
- If I ……………….to the beach yesterday, I would be tired today.
- Have gone B. Goes
- had gone D. A and B
- If they had gone to school yesterday, they………..to the museum now.
- Would go B. will go
- could go D. A and C
- If he had done exercise last night, he………soccer right now.
- Will play B. can play
- plays D. could play.
- If Nina had not gone out last week, she………………die now.
- Will B. would
- could D. B and C
Task 6. Viết lại các câu sau sang dạng câu điều kiện thích hợp.
- Keep silent or you’ll wake the baby up.
→ If you don’t keep silent, you will wake the baby up.
- Stop talking or you won’t understand the lesson
→ If………………………………………………………………
- I don’t know her number, so I don’t ring her up.
→ If………………………………………………………………
- I don’t know the answer, so I can’t tell you.
→ If………………………………………………………………
- We got lost because we didn’t have a map.
→ If………………………………………………………………
- Susan felt sick because she ate four cream cakes.
→ ………………………………………………………………
- Without this treatment, the patient would have died.
→ ………………………………………………………………
- He lost his job because he was late every day.
→ ………………………………………………………………
- Peter is fat because he eats so many chips.
→ ………………………………………………………………
- Robert got a bad cough because he started smoking cigarettes.
→ ………………………………………………………………
Task 7. Chọn đáp án đúng
- If she …………… the lottery last year, She ………… rich now.
- have won/would be B. had won/would be
- won/would be D. wins/will be
- If I …………… the homework last night, I…………… bonus today.
- had done/would get B. had done/would have got
- done/would get D. does/will get
- If we had played this game yesterday, we…………… a lot of money now.
- will have B. may hav
- would have had D. would have
- If it ……………… last night, it would be cold today.
- had rained B. rained
- have rained D. was raining
- If she …………… to me, she ……………… in trouble right now.
- had listened/would be B. had listened/would have be
- had listened/would not be D. A and B
Task 8. Điền vào chỗ trống
- If you take my advice, you …………………… (be) happy.
- What would you do if you …………………… (be) me?
- If you …………………… (lend) me some books I will give them back in two weeks.
- I …………………… (send) her a letter if I had found her address.
- She …………………… (not/steal) the bread if she hadn’t been hungry.
- If she …………………… (come) here I will tell her about the film.
- I will be unhappy if you …………………… (leave) me.
- If you hadn’t been so crazy you …………………… (not/buy) this expensive house.
- If the sun …………………… (shine) I will go to the beach.
- If I …………………… (win) the lottery I would leave my country.
Task 9. Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc
- If I see him, I _____ (give) him a gift.
- If I had a typewriter, I _____ (type) it myself.
- If I had known that you were in hospital, I _____ (visit) you.
- You could make better progress if you _____ (attend) class regularly.
- If I _____ (know) his telephone number, I’d give it to you.
- If you _____ (arrive) ten minutes earlier, you would have got a seat.
- If he worked more slowly, he _____ (not make) so many mistakes.
- I shouldn’t drink that wine if I _____ (be) you.
- If I _____ (find) a cheap room, I will stay a fortnight.
- A lot of people _____ (be) out of work if the factory closed down.
Task 10. Điền vào chỗ trống
- ………… we ………… (have) enough time if we wanted to see the castle?
- In case you ………… (buy) a car, will you teach me to drive?
- If I………… (not be) in a hurry, I wouldn’t have made so many mistakes.
- She won’t finish it on time if she ………… (not start) right now.
- She ………… (get angry) if you had told her.
- On condition that they …………(support) our product, they would get a discount.
- Even if I …………(ask) him, he won’t come.
- Had I driven slowly, I …………(not crash)
- It will be a disaster unless they ………… (help) us.
- If you ………… (have) something to eat, you wouldn’t have felt sick.
- I wouldn’t risk it if I ………… (be) you.
- She would get fat if she ………… (not stop) eating.
- The chicken wasn’t good. It …………(taste) better if you had put some spices on it.
Bài tập bổ sung
Exercise 1. Choose the best answer to complete each sentence.
- If my friends hadn’t been so busy, I _____ out with them now.
- will eat
- would have eaten
- would eat
- would be eating
- If she had caught the bus, she _____ late for work.
- wouldn’t have been
- would have been
- would be
- wouldn’t be
- If I _____, I would show my thinking.
- were asked
- asked
- had been asked
- would ask
- If _____ exactly what her father told her, she wouldn’t be lost now.
- she has done
- she had done
- she did
- she does
- Would you be sad if they _____ out together without you?
- go
- had gone
- would go
- went
Exercise 2. Rewrite the following sentences using “unless” and inversion.
- If I didn’t feel bad today, I would cook for myself.
- If she hadn’t sold her cars, she would be so rich.
- If it weren’t stormy, people would go trekking.
- If I had had rice for dinner, I wouldn’t feel very hungry now.
- If you didn’t complain about everything that happened in your life, I would work in a team with you.
- If I know the answer, I will tell you immediately.
Exercise 3. Put the correct form of the verb in brackets.
- If you __________ (expose) phosphorus to air, It __________ (burn).
- If you __________ (heat) ice, it __________ (turn) into water.
- If metal __________ (get) hot, it __________ (expand).
- If you __________ (stand) in the rain, You __________ (get) wet.
- If anyone __________ (ring) the bell, don’t __________ (open) the door.
- If my husband __________ (not, sleep) well, he __________ (drink) coffee before going to bed.
- If you__________ (press) this button, the machine __________ (stop).
- If you__________ (multiply) 5 to 6, you__________ (get) 30.
- If anyone __________ (call), say that I__________ (be, not) at home.
- If you__________ (go) to the Post Office, you__________ (mail) this letter for me.
Exercise 4. Rewrite the sentence using “If”.
- I have to get used to Western culture because I will move to Spain.
- My brother is tired now because he went home late yesterday.
- She did the homework carefully so she gets a high score today.
- It rained yesterday so I get sick today.
- He missed the end of the film so he doesn’t know who the murderer was.
- We reach Jade’s house now because we didn’t ask for directions earlier.
- Since she is an only child, his parents have spoiled her.
- Oliver didn’t learn English in high school, so he doesn’t have many job opportunities.
- I am not rich. I didn’t buy that car last month.
Exercise 5. Put the correct form of the verb in the bracket.
- If you turn on the light, insects _____ (get) in our room.
- Where would you go if you _____ (be) me?
- If you _____ (lend) me some books, I will give them back in 3 weeks.
- I _____ (give) her a gift if I had met her.
- The boy _____ (not/steal) the bread if he hadn’t been hungry.
- If she _____ (come) here I will tell her about the script.
- Migrants _____ (starve) if they don’t migrate.
- If you hadn’t been so crazy you _____ (not/buy) this expensive hat.
- If the sun _____ (shine), will you go to the beach with me?
- If I _____ (win) the lottery I would buy my parents a big house.
Trên đây là đầy đủ kiến thức cầu điều kiện loại 1 và bài tập Thông qua bài viết trên, Trung tâm Tiếng anh Vĩnh Yên hy vọng rằng học sinh sẽ tự tin học tập tốt với môn Tiếng Anh 7.
Cùng theo dõi https://ngoainguphuonglan.edu.vn/ cập nhật thêm nhiều thông tin hưu ích nhé
